Stalkerware چیست

Stalkerware چیست؟

Stalkerware یک اصطلاح رایج است و هر نرم افزاری را که برای stalking مورد استفاده قرار می گیرد ، یعنی ردیابی غیرمجاز افراد ، که غالباً مخفیانه نیز هست ، نشان می دهد.

Stalkerware ، Spouseware ، Creepware - تفاوت چیست

اغلب اوقات ، اصطلاح "stalkerware" مترادف با کلماتی مانند "creepware" و "spouseware" استفاده می شود. این مفاهیم واقعاً مشابه هستند اما اختلافاتی با هم دارند. Spouseware همانطور که از نام آن پیداست نرم افزاری است که برای ردیابی همسر استفاده می شود. Creepware نوعی از بدافزار است که بدون اطلاع کاربر آن ، به صورت مخفیانه بر روی رایانه یا دستگاه دیجیتالی نصب می شود. این امکان را برای نظارت بر فعالیت کاربر و کنترل از راه دور دستگاه فراهم می کند. بنابراین ، اصطلاحات stalkerware و spouseware واقعاً مترادف هستند (spouseware یک مورد خاص از stalkerware است) و در درجه اول نحوه استفاده از این نرم افزار را نشان می دهد نه ویژگی ها و روش های کار آن. Creepware به نوبه خود روش نصب و راه اندازی این نرم افزار را مشخص می کند.

Stalkerware and monitoring software

There are 3 main scenarios for using monitoring software:

• Installing monitoring software on your own devices in order to monitor them; other people who use these devices are informed about such monitoring;
• Installing monitoring software on your own devices in order to monitor them; other people who use these devices are not informed about such monitoring;
• Installing monitoring software on other people's devices in order to monitor them, without knowledge of the devices’ owners.

When it comes to stalkerware, the last option is most often implied — when the stalker, even after gaining short-term physical access to the victim’s device, covertly installs spyware on it, thereby gaining access to information about all future activity on the monitored device, without the victim's knowledge. In most countries (jurisdictions) such use of software is illegal. The term 'stalkerware' itself appeared precisely because of the cases when legal monitoring software was used to track intimate partners and spouses without their knowledge.

Use of the term

The problem with using the term 'stalkerware' is that many experts and journalists, when using it, don’t mean software that was used for illegal / unethical purposes – they mean any software that could even potentially be used in this way. Sometimes any monitoring software is called stalkerware.

For example, the Coalition Against Stalkerware, an association of cybersecurity companies, offers the following definition of the term 'stalkerware': "It is software, made available directly to individuals, that enables a remote user to monitor the activities on another user's device without that user's consent and without explicit, persistent notification to that user in order to intentionally or unintentionally facilitate intimate partner surveillance, harassment, abuse, stalking, and/or violence." So, any monitoring software that can work covertly falls under this definition, no matter what purpose it is used for.